GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only

Service of the powertrain control module (PCM) should normally consist of either replacement of the PCM or EEPROM programming. If the diagnostic procedures call for PCM Replacement, check the PCM first to see if it is the correct part. If the PCM is faulty, remove it and install the new service PCM.

The new service PCM will not be programmed. You must program the new PCM. DTC P0602 indicates the EEPROM is not programmed or has malfunctioned.

Notice: Do not touch the connector pins or soldered components on the circuit board in order to prevent possible electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage to the PCM.

Notice: Turn the ignition OFF when installing or removing the PCM connectors and disconnecting or reconnecting the power to the PCM (battery cable, PCM pigtail, PCM fuse, jumper cables, etc.) in order to prevent internal PCM damage.

Important: When replacing the production PCM with a service PCM, it is important to transfer the broadcast code and production PCM number to the service PCM label. Do not record on PCM cover. This will allow positive identification of PCM parts throughout the service life of the vehicle.

Removal Procedure

    Important: It is necessary to record the remaining engine oil life. If the replacement module is not programed with the remaining engine oil life, the engine oil life will default to 100%. If the replacement module is not programmed with the remaining engine oil life, the engine oil will need to be changed at 5000 km (3,000 mi) from the last engine oil change.

  1. Using a scan tool, retrieve the percentage of remaining engine oil. Record the remaining engine oil life.
  2. Disconnect the negative battery cable. Refer to Battery Negative Cable Disconnection and Connection in Engine Electrical.
  3. Disconnect the IAT sensor electrical connector.
  4. Remove the 3 bolts from the inner fender brace and remove the brace.
  5. Loosen the clamp securing the air intake duct to the air cleaner housing.
  6. Carefully remove the air intake duct from the throttle body and air cleaner housing.
  7. Remove the 2 screws from the 2 air cleaner housing sections.
  8. Remove the air cleaner housing cover assembly.
  9. Without disconnecting the PCM connectors, remove the PCM and harness from the PCM housing.
  10. Disconnect the PCM connectors.

Installation Procedure

  1. Reconnect the PCM connectors.
  2. Carefully reinstall the PCM and harness into the PCM housing.
  3. Reinstall the air cleaner housing cover assembly.
  4. Reinstall the 2 screws from the 2 air cleaner housing sections.
  5. Carefully reinstall the air intake duct to the throttle body and air cleaner housing.
  6. Tighten the clamp securing the air intake duct to the air cleaner housing.
  7. Position the inner fender brace and reinstall the 3 bolts.
  8. Reconnect the negative battery cable.
  9. Program the PCM.
  10. The Replacement PCM will NOT allow Secondary AIR Pump operation until a total of 10 miles have been accumulated.

Before Programming a Control Module

Important: Do NOT program a control module unless you are directed by a service procedure or you are directed by a General Motors Corporation service bulletin. Programming a control module at any other time will not permanently correct a customers concern.

Ensure the following conditions are met before programming a control module:

    • Vehicle system voltage
       - There is no charging system concern. All charging system concerns must be repaired before programming a control module.
       - Battery voltage is greater than 12 volts but less than 16 volts. The battery must be charged before programming the control module if the battery voltage is low.
       - A battery charger is NOT connected to the vehicle's battery. Incorrect system voltage or voltage fluctuations from a battery charger, may cause programming failure or control module damage.
       - Turn OFF or disable any system that may put a load on the vehicle's battery.
   • Twilight Sentinel
   • Interior Lights
   • Daytime running lights (DRL). Applying the parking brake, on most vehicles, disables the DRL system. Refer to the Owners manual.
   • HVAC systems
   • Engine cooling fans etc.
    • The ignition switch is in the proper position. The scan tool prompts you to turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF. Do NOT change the position of the ignition switch during the programming procedure, unless instructed to do so.
    • All tool connections are secure.
       - RS-232
       - The connection at the DLC is secure.
       - Voltage supply circuits
    • DO NOT disturb the tool harnesses while programming. If an interruption occurs during the programming procedure, programming failure or control module damage may occur.

Important: The following procedure must be performed in order to prevent the odometer from incrementing up to 16 miles when the PCM is re-flashed.

  1. Park the vehicle.
  2. Connect the Tech 2.
  3. Build the vehicle within the powertrain area of the Tech 2.
  4. Select Special Functions.
  5. Select Output Controls.
  6. Scroll to Oil Life Reset.
  7. On the Tech 2 screen, the actual oil life remaining is in the upper right corner. Select up or down 2% of the oil life, I.E. 18 percent left, enter 16 percent or 20 percent with the numeric key pad and then select Perform Reset.
  8. With the ignition key on, read the amount of engine oil life remaining with the Tech 2.
  9. Turn the ignition key off for ten seconds.
  10. Turn the ignition key on and re-flash the PCM per the re-flash procedure.

Remote Programming

  1. Turn OFF the ignition.
  2. Install the Tech 2™ to the data link connector (DLC).
  3. Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF.
  4. Turn OFF all vehicle accessories.
  5. With the Tech 2™, select Service Programming.
  6. Identify vehicle information as requested by the Tech 2™.
  7. Select the type of module you are programming.
  8. Select the type of programming to be performed.
  9. Verify the displayed VIN with the vehicle VIN. If the displayed VIN does not match the actual VIN, write down the actual VIN and correct the VIN at the Techline™ terminal.
  10. When complete, Exit Service Programming.
  11. Turn OFF the Tech 2™ and disconnect the Tech 2™ from the vehicle.
  12. Turn OFF the ignition.
  13. Connect the Tech 2™ to the Techline™ terminal.
  14. Select Service Programming.
  15. Select Tech 2™ as the tool you are using.
  16. Select the type of programming to be performed.
  17. Verify the displayed VIN with the vehicle VIN. Correct the VIN as necessary.
  18. Select the type of module you are programming.
  19. Identify what type of programming that you are performing.
  20. • Normal--This type of programming is for updating an existing calibration or programming a new controller.
    • Vehicle Configuration Index (VCI)--This selection is used if the vehicle VIN is unavailable or not recognized by the Techline™ terminal. Observe, you will need to contact the Techline™ Customer Support center to use this option.
    • Reconfigure--This is to reconfigure a vehicle, such as tire size and axle ratio changes.
  21. Select the appropriate calibration file.
  22. Ensure all connections are secure.
  23. Select Reprog to initiate the download of the new calibration to the Tech 2™.
  24. After the download is complete, turn OFF the Tech 2™.
  25. Disconnect the Tech 2™ from the Techline™ terminal.
  26. Install the Tech 2™ to the data link connector (DLC).
  27. Turn ON the Tech 2™.
  28. Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF.
  29. Select Service Programming.
  30. Important: DO NOT turn OFF the ignition if the programming procedure is interrupted or unsuccessful. Ensure that all the PCM and DLC connections are secure and the Techline™ operating software is up to date. Attempt to reprogram the control module. If the control module cannot be programmed, replace the control module. Refer to Powertrain Control Module Replacement/Programming .

  31. Select Program.
  32. After the download is complete, EXIT Service Programming.
  33. Turn OFF the ignition for 30 seconds.
  34. Turn OFF the Tech 2™.
  35. If a control module is replaced the following service procedures must be performed:
  36. •  Crankshaft Position System Variation Learn
    •  Programming Replacement Keys, Ignition Cylinder, or Powertrain Control Module

Programming Verification

  1. With a scan tool, clear the DTCs.
  2. Attempt to start the engine.
  3. Repeat the Service Programming procedure if the engine does not start or operates poorly. Perform the following procedures before programming the PCM:
  4. • Ensure the control module and DLC connections are OK.
    • Ensure the Techline™ operating software is up to date.
    • Ensure the calibration part number is correct for the vehicle.
  5. Attempt to program the control module. If the control module still cannot be programmed properly, replace the control module. Refer to Powertrain Control Module Replacement/Programming . You must program the replacement control module.

Before Programming a Control Module

Important: 

   • Do NOT program a control module unless you are directed by a service procedure or you are directed by a General Motors Corporation service bulletin. Programming a control module at any other time will not permanently correct a customer's concern.
   • The Off-Board Programming is used in situations where a control module must be programmed without having the vehicle present. The Off-Board Programming Adapter must be used to perform the Off-Board Programming procedure. The adapter allows the control module to power up and allows the Tech 2™ to communicate with the control module.
   • DO NOT disturb the tool harnesses while programming. If an interruption occurs during the programming procedure, programming failure or control module damage may occur.

Ensure that all connections are secure at the following locations:

    • The Off-Board Programming Adapter
    • The Tech 2™
    • The control module
    • The Techline™ terminal

Important: The following procedure must be performed in order to prevent the odometer from incrementing up to 16 miles when the PCM is re-flashed.

  1. Park the vehicle.
  2. Connect the Tech 2.
  3. Build the vehicle within the powertrain area of the Tech 2.
  4. Select Special Functions.
  5. Select Output Controls.
  6. Scroll to Oil Life Reset.
  7. On the Tech 2 screen, the actual oil life remaining is in the upper right corner. Select up or down 2% of the oil life, I.E. 18 percent left, enter 16 percent or 20 percent with the numeric key pad and then select Perform Reset.
  8. With the ignition key on, read the amount of engine oil life remaining with the Tech 2.
  9. Turn the ignition key off for ten seconds.
  10. Turn the ignition key on and re-flash the PCM per the re-flash procedure.

Off-Board Programming

  1. Obtain the VIN of the vehicle for which the control module is being programmed.
  2. With the Techline™ terminal, select Service Programming.
  3. Select Tech 2™, Reprogram ECU, and Off-Board Programming Adapter as the ECU location.
  4. Connect the control module, Off-Board Programming Adapter, and the Tech 2™ as described on the Techline™ terminal. Ensure you use the correct harness connector from the Off-Board Programming Adapter kit.
  5. With the Tech 2™, select Service Programming Request Information function. The Tech 2™ communicates with the control module and receives the access code.
  6. With the Tech 2™, exit the Service Programming Request Information.
  7. Disconnect the Tech 2™ from the Off-Board Programming Adapter.
  8. Connect the Tech 2™ to the Techline™ terminal.
  9. Turn ON the Tech 2™.
  10. With the Techline™ terminal, enter the VIN of the vehicle that will be receiving the control module.
  11. The Techline™ terminal will display the message, attaching to database.
  12. Identify what type of programming that you are performing.
  13. Select the appropriate calibration file.
  14. Ensure all connections are secure.
  15. The Techline™ terminal displays a summary screen that summarizes your selections. After confirming you choices, the Techline™ terminal automatically loads the calibration files to the Tech 2™.
  16. After the download is complete, turn OFF the Tech 2™.
  17. Disconnect the Tech 2™ from the Techline™ terminal.
  18. Connect the Tech 2™ to the Off-Board Programming Adapter.
  19. With the Tech 2™, select Service Programming.
  20. Important: DO NOT turn OFF the Off-Board Programming Adapter if the programming procedure is interrupted or unsuccessful. Ensure the control module and the Off-Board Programming Adapter connections are secure and the Techline™ operating software is up to date. Attempt to reprogram the control module. If the control module cannot be programmed, replace the control module.

  21. With the Tech 2™, select Program.
  22. After the download is complete, exit Service Programming.
  23. Turn OFF the Off-Board Programming Adapter.