GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only
Makes 🢒 Cadillac 🢒 2005 🢒 CTS 🢒 Vehicle Control Systems 🢒 Vehicle DTC Information 🢒 Poor Fuel Economy

Inspections

Action

DEFINITION: Fuel economy, as measured by an actual road test, is noticeably lower than expected. Also, fuel economy is noticeably lower than the economy was on this vehicle at one time, as previously shown by an actual road test.

Preliminary
    • Refer to Important Preliminary Inspections Before Beginning in Symptoms - Engine Controls .
    • Search for bulletins.
    • Verify that the powertrain control module (PCM) grounds are clean, tight, and in the proper locations. Refer to Power and Grounding Component Views in Wiring Systems and Engine Controls Schematics .
    • Inspect the owners driving habits.
       - Is the A/C ON or the Defroster mode ON full time?
       - Are the tires at the correct pressure?
       - Are the tires the correct size?
       - Are there excessively heavy loads being carried?
       - Is the acceleration rate too much, too often?
    • Remove the air filter element and inspect for dirt or for restrictions. Refer to Air Cleaner Element Replacement . Replace as necessary.

Fuel System
    • Inspect the type, quality, and alcohol content of the fuel. Oxygenated fuels have lower energy and may deliver reduced fuel economy. Refer to Alcohol/Contaminants-in-Fuel Diagnosis .
    • Inspect for incorrect fuel pressure. Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .
    • Inspect for a restricted fuel filter. Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .
    • Inspect for a contaminated fuel condition. Refer to Alcohol/Contaminants-in-Fuel Diagnosis .
    • Inspect that each fuel injector harness is connected to the correct injector and cylinder. Relocate the injector harnesses as necessary.
    • Inspect for foreign material accumulation in the throttle bore, coking on the throttle valve, or on the throttle shaft. Refer to Throttle Body Cleaning .
    • Inspect for the following that may cause the engine to run rich:

Notice: Refer to Heated Oxygen and Oxygen Sensor Notice in the Preface section.

       - Water intrusion in the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) connector
       - Engine oil contaminated by fuel
       - An evaporative emission (EVAP) canister purge condition
       - Incorrect fuel pressure--Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .
       - A leaking fuel pressure regulator--Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .
       - Leaking fuel injectors--Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .
       - Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor operation--Refer to DTC P0106
       - Vacuum hoses that are split, kinked, improperly connected or routed--Refer to Emission Hose Routing Diagram .
       - An air intake duct that is collapsed or restricted
       - An air filter that is dirty or restricted--Refer to Air Cleaner Element Replacement .

Sensor/System
    • Inspect the air intake system and crankcase for air leaks.
    • Inspect for an inaccurate speedometer. Refer to Symptoms - Instrument Panel, Gages and Console in Instrument Panel, Gages, and Console.
    • Use a scan tool in order to monitor the knock sensor (KS) system for excessive spark retard activity. Refer to Knock Sensor (KS) System Description .

Ignition System
    • Inspect for proper ignition voltage output with the J 26792 Spark Tester .
    • Remove the spark plugs and inspect for the following:
       - Wet plugs
       - Cracks
       - Wear
       - Improper gap
       - Burned electrodes
       - Heavy deposits
       - Refer to Spark Plug Replacement .

Refer to Spark Plug Inspection and Ignition System Specifications .

    • Determine the cause of the fouling before replacing the spark plugs. Refer to Spark Plug Inspection .
    • Inspect the spark plug wires. Refer to Spark Plug Wire Inspection .
    • Soaking the secondary ignition system with water from a spray bottle may help locate damaged or deteriorated components. Look and listen for arcing or misfiring as you apply water.
    • Inspect for loose ignition coil grounds. Refer to Electronic Ignition (EI) System Diagnosis .

Engine Cooling System
    • Inspect the engine coolant level for being low. Refer to Loss of Coolant in Engine Cooling.
    • Inspect the engine thermostat for proper operation and for the correct heat range. Refer to Thermostat Diagnosis in Engine Cooling.

Engine Mechanical
    • Inspect engine mechanical for the following:
       - Compression--Refer to Engine Compression Test in Engine Mechanical.
       - Sticking or leaking valves
       - Worn camshaft lobes
       - Valve timing
       - Bent push rods
       - Worn rocker arms
       - Broken valve springs
       - Excessive oil in combustion chamber--Leaking valve seals. Refer to Oil Consumption Diagnosis in Engine Mechanical.
    • For incorrect, worn or damaged basic engine parts inspect for the following:
       - The camshaft--Refer to Crankshaft and Bearing Cleaning and Inspection in Engine Mechanical.
       - The cylinder heads--Refer to Cylinder Head Cleaning and Inspection in Engine Mechanical.
       - The pistons, etc.--Refer to Piston, Connecting Rod, and Bearing Cleaning and Inspection in Engine Mechanical.

Refer to Engine Compression Test in Engine Mechanical for diagnostic procedures.

Additional Inspections
    • Visually and physically check the vacuum hoses for splits, kinks, and proper connections and routing as shown on Vehicle Emission Control Information label. Refer to Emission Hose Routing Diagram .
    • Inspect the exhaust system for a possible restriction. Inspect for the following:
       - Inspect the exhaust system for damaged or collapsed pipes.
       - Inspect the mufflers for heat distress or possible internal failure.
       - Inspect for possible plugged catalytic converters. Refer to Restricted Exhaust in Engine Exhaust.
    • Inspect the intake and the exhaust manifold passages for casting flash. Refer to Intake Manifold Cleaning and Inspection or Exhaust Manifold Cleaning and Inspection in Engine Mechanical.
    • Inspect the brake system for dragging or improper operation. Refer to Hydraulic Brake System Diagnosis in Hydraulic Brakes. Verify that the vehicle operator does not drive with a foot on the brake pedal.