Diagnostic Instructions
| • | Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure. |
| • | Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic approach. |
| • | Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each diagnostic category. |
Diagnostic Fault Information
Circuit | Short to Ground | Open/High Resistance | Short to Voltage | Signal Performance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ECT Sensor Signal | P0117, P0119 | P0118, P0119 | P0118¹ P0119¹ | P0116¹ |
Low Reference | -- | P0118, P0119 | P0118², P0119² | P0116² |
¹ Sensor damage may occur if the circuit is shorted to B+. ² Internal ECM damage may occur if the circuit is shorted to B+. | ||||
Typical Scan Tool Data
Circuit | Short to Ground | Open | Short to Voltage |
|---|---|---|---|
Running Condition: The engine is running in Closed Loop. Parameter Normal Range: -39 to +142°C (-38 to +288°F), which varies with ambient temperature. | |||
ECT Sensor Signal | 143°C (289°F) | -40°C (-40°F) | -40°C (-40°F)¹ |
Low Reference | -- | -40°C (-40°F) | -40°C (-40°F)¹ |
¹ Internal ECM or ECT sensor damage may occur if the circuit is shorted to B+. | |||
Circuit Description
The engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor is a variable resistor, that measures the temperature of the engine coolant. The engine control module (ECM) supplies 5 volts to the ECT signal circuit and supplies a ground to the low reference circuit. If the ECM detects a high ECT signal voltage, which is a low temperature indication, this DTC sets.
The following table illustrates the difference between temperature, resistance, and voltage:
ECT | ECT Resistance | ECT Signal Voltage |
|---|---|---|
Cold | High | High |
Warm | Low | Low |
DTC Descriptor
This diagnostic procedure supports the following DTC:
DTC P0118 Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor Circuit High Voltage
Conditions for Running the DTC
| • | The ignition is ON or the engine is running. |
| • | The ECM detects that the engine coolant temperature is more than the startup temperature, but it is within 2.3°C. |
| • | The air flowing into the engine has accumulated, and the intake time last for more than 2 seconds. |
| • | DTC P0118 runs continuously once the above conditions are met. |
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The ECM detects that the ECT is less than -42°C (-43.6°F) for more than 4 seconds. The scan tool is limited to -40°C (-40°F), so the diagnostic procedure uses -39°C (-38°F) to determine if there is an ECT condition.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
| • | The control module illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) on the second consecutive ignition cycle that the diagnostic runs and fails. |
| • | The control module records the operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. The first time the diagnostic fails, the control module stores this information in the Failure Records. If the diagnostic reports a failure on the second consecutive ignition cycle, the control module records the operating conditions at the time of the failure. The control module writes the operating conditions to the Freeze Frame and updates the Failure Records. |
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
| • | The control module turns OFF the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) after 4 consecutive ignition cycles that the diagnostic runs and does not fail. |
| • | A current DTC, last test failed, clears when the diagnostic runs and passes. |
| • | A history DTC clears after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles, if no failures are reported by this or any other emission related diagnostic. |
| • | Clear the MIL and the DTC with a scan tool. |
Diagnostic Aids
| • | Use the J 35616-A/BT-8637 Connector Test Adapter Kit for any test that requires probing the ECM harness connector or a component harness connector. |
| • | The lower connector of the ECM is connector C1 and the upper connector of the ECM is connector C2. Refer to Front of Vehicle/Engine Compartment Component Views. |
| • | Use the Temperature vs Resistance table in order to test the ECT sensor at various temperature levels in order to evaluate the possibility of a skewed sensor. A skewed sensor could result in a driveability condition. If the engine has sat overnight, the engine coolant temperature and the intake air temperature values should display within a few degrees. If the temperatures are not within 3°C (5°F), refer to Temperature Versus Resistance - Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor. |
| • | After starting the engine, the ECT should rise steadily to about 90°C (194°F) then stabilize when the thermostat opens. |
| • | For an intermittent condition, refer to Intermittent Conditions. |
Test Description
The numbers below refer to the step numbers in the diagnostic table.
-
This step is testing the low reference circuit for a short to voltage or for a low reference circuit that is open. If the low reference circuit within the ECM is open or if the low reference circuit is open between the ECM and the connector, a voltage of 3-5 volts will be measured on the DMM.
-
This step isolates if there is a circuit that is shorted to voltage or if the low reference circuit is open internally or externally of the ECM. If there is no voltage on the low reference circuit after disconnecting all the sensors, the low reference circuit is open.
Step | Action | Values | Yes | No |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Schematic Reference: Engine Controls Schematics Connector End View Reference: Component Connector End Views | ||||
1 | Did you perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle? | -- | Go to Step 2 | |
2 |
Is the temperature less than the specified value? | -39°C (-38°F) | Go to Step 4 | Go to Step 3 |
3 |
Did the DTC fail this ignition? | -- | Go to Step 4 | Go to Diagnostic Aids |
4 |
Is the voltage within the specified range? | 4.8-5.2 V | Go to Step 5 | Go to Step 8 |
5 |
Caution: Do NOT use a test lamp to test the continuity of the circuit. Damage to the control module may occur due to excessive current draw. Is the resistance less than the specified value? | 5 Ω | Go to Step 12 | Go to Step 6 |
Is the voltage more than the specified value? | 1.0 V | Go to Step 7 | Go to Step 14 | |
Is the voltage more than the specified value? | 1.0 V | Go to Step 15 | Go to Step 11 | |
8 | Is the voltage more than the specified value? | 6 V | Go to Step 9 | Go to Step 10 |
9 |
Note: The ECT sensor may be damaged if the circuit is shorted to battery positive voltage. Test the signal circuit between the ECT sensor and the ECM for a short to voltage. Refer to Circuit Testing and Wiring Repairs. Did you find and correct the condition? | -- | Go to Step 18 | Go to Step 13 |
10 | Test the signal circuit between the ECT sensor and the ECM for an open or for high resistance. Refer to Circuit Testing and Wiring Repairs. Did you find and correct the condition? | -- | Go to Step 18 | Go to Step 13 |
11 | Test the low reference circuit between the ECT sensor and the ECM for an open or for high resistance. Refer to Circuit Testing and Wiring Repairs. Did you find and correct the condition? | -- | Go to Step 18 | Go to Step 13 |
12 | Test for an intermittent and for a poor connection at the ECT sensor. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections and Connector Repairs. Did you find and correct the condition? | -- | Go to Step 18 | Go to Step 16 |
13 | Test for an intermittent and for a poor connection at the ECM. Refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections and Connector Repairs. Did you find and correct the condition? | -- | Go to Step 18 | Go to Step 17 |
14 | Repair the open in the low reference circuit of the ECT sensor between the splice and the ECT sensor. Refer to Wiring Repairs. Did you complete the repair? | -- | Go to Step 18 | -- |
15 |
Note: The control module and/or the ECT sensor may be damaged if the circuit is shorted to battery positive voltage. Repair the short to voltage in the low reference circuit of the ECT sensor. Refer to Wiring Repairs. Did you complete the repair? | -- | Go to Step 18 | -- |
16 | Replace the ECT sensor. Refer to Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Replacement. Did you complete the replacement? | -- | Go to Step 18 | -- |
17 | Replace the ECM. Refer to Control Module References for replacement, setup, and programming. Did you complete the replacement? | -- | Go to Step 18 | -- |
18 |
Did the DTC fail this ignition? | -- | Go to Step 2 | Go to Step 19 |
19 | Observe the Capture Info with a scan tool. Are there any DTCs that have not been diagnosed? | -- | System OK | |
