GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only
Makes 🢒 Chevrolet 🢒 2002 🢒 Astro - 2WD 🢒 DTC 🢒 DTC P0420 or P0430

Circuit Description

In order to maintain a reasonably low emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx), the engine controls system uses a three-way catalytic converter (TWC). The catalyst within the converter promotes a chemical reaction which oxidizes the HC and CO present in the exhaust gas. This reaction converts them into harmless water vapor and carbon dioxide. The catalyst also reduces NOx, converting the NOx to nitrogen. The powertrain control module (PCM) monitors this process using bank 1 heated oxygen sensor HO2S 2. Bank 1 HO2S 2, located in the exhaust stream past the TWC, produces an output signal which indicates the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst. This determines the catalysts ability to convert exhaust emissions effectively. If the catalyst is functioning correctly, the bank 1 HO2S 2 signal will be far less active than that produced by bank 1 HO2S 1. This indicates that the TWC oxygen storage capacity is operating at a threshold considered acceptable.

When the conditions for running this DTC are met, the following occurs:

    • The PCM monitors the current HO2S bank 1 sensor 2 rich or lean status.
    • The air fuel ratio transitions from rich to lean or lean to rich depending on the capture rear HO2S bank 1 sensor 2 rich or lean status.
    • The air fuel ratio transitions a second time opposite the first air fuel ratio transition.
    • The PCM captures the response time, the time the HO2S goes from below 300 mV to above 600 mV and from 600 mV to below 300 mV, of the front and rear HO2S when the air fuel ratio transitions occurred.
    • The PCM measures the time needed for the rear HO2S voltage to cross a reference rich or lean threshold minus the time needed for the front HO2S voltage to cross the same rich or lean threshold. The time difference from the front and rear HO2S is the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst. This DTC sets if the time exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Conditions for Running the DTC
    • DTCs P0101, P0102, P0103, P0106, P0107, P0108, P0112, P0113, P0116, P0117, P0118, P0121, P0122, P0123, P0131, P0132, P0133, P0134, P0135, P0137, P0138, P0140, P0171, P0172, P0200, P0300, P0335, P0336, P0341, P0351, P0440, P0442, P0443, P0446, P0449, P0502, P0503, P0506 , P0507, P0704, P0706, P0711, P0712, P0719, P0724, P0740, P0741, P0742, P0748, P0751, P0752, P0753, P0756, P0757, P0758, P1111, P1112, P1114, P1115, P1121, P1122, P1336, P1345, P1860, P1870 are not set.
    • The engine is operating longer than 400 seconds.
    • The engine coolant temperature (ECT) is between 70-120°C (158-248°F).
    • The intake air temperature (IAT) is between 5-167°F (-15 to +75°C).
    • The engine speed is more than 1,300 RPM for a minimum of 9 seconds since the end of the last idle test.
    • The barometric pressure (BARO) is more than 74 kPa.
    • The fuel system is operating in Closed Loop.

Conditions for Setting the DTC

The PCM determines the oxygen storage capability of the TWC has degraded below a calibrated threshold.

Action Taken When the DTC Sets
    • The control module illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) when the diagnostic runs and fails.
    • The control module records the operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. The control module stores this information in the Freeze Frame/Failure Records.

Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
    • The control module turns OFF the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) after 3 consecutive ignition cycles that the diagnostic runs and does not fail.
    • A current DTC, Last Test Failed, clears when the diagnostic runs and passes.
    • A history DTC clears after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles, if no failures are reported by this or any other emission related diagnostic.
    • Clear the MIL and the DTC with a scan tool.

Step

Action

Yes

No

Schematic Reference: Engine Controls Schematics

1

Did you perform the Diagnostic System Check-Engine Controls?

Go to Step 2

Go to Diagnostic System Check - Engine Controls

2

Are any other DTCs set?

Go to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List

Go to Step 3

3
  1. Inspect for the following conditions:
    2. • Verify that the TWC is an original equipment part.
    • Inspect the TWC for damage, such as dents, severe discoloration caused by excessive temperature, holes, etc. Refer to Symptoms - Engine Exhaust in Engine Exhaust.
    • Ensure that the internal rattle caused by damaged catalyst is not present.
    • Inspect the exhaust system for leaks, damage, or loose or missing hardware, in area from converter to HO2S 2 primarily. Refer to Symptoms - Engine Exhaust in Engine Exhaust.
    • Ensure that the HO2S 1 and the HO2S 2 are secure and that the sensor harness and wiring are not damaged or contacting the exhaust.
  2. Repair conditions, as necessary.

Did you find and correct the condition?

Go to Step 5

Go to Step 4

4

Important: Before replacing the TWC, correct any conditions which may have damaged the catalyst.

Replace the TWC. Refer to Catalytic Converter Replacement in Engine Exhaust.

Is the action complete?

Go to Step 5

--

5
  1. Select the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) option and the Clear DTC Information option using the scan tool.
  2. Idle the engine at the normal operating temperature.
  3. Select the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) option and the Specific DTC option, then enter the DTC number using the scan tool.
  4. Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC as specified in the supporting text, if applicable.

Does the scan tool indicate that this test ran and passed?

Go to Step 6

Go to Step 2

6

With a scan tool, observe the stored information, Capture Info.

Does the scan tool display any DTCs that you have not diagnosed?

Go to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List

System OK