Circuit Description
The optical sensor provides a high resolution signal to the PCM by counting pulses on the sensor disk located in the injection pump. The high resolution is one of the most important inputs by the PCM for fuel control and timing. This test monitors the number of high resolution pulses which have been missed (not detected). It's based on a comparison between the number of pulses that were detected since the last pump cam pulse and the number of the pulses that should have occurred. There are approximately 64 high resolution pulses for every cam pulse.
Conditions for Running the DTC
The engine is operating.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
A number of high resolution pulses missing (internal to PCM (64 to 1 ratio) per every 8 cam reference pulses.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
| • | The PCM illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) on the first consecutive drive trip that the diagnostic runs and fails. |
| • | The Freeze Frame records the operating conditions at the time of failure and updates the Failure Records. |
| • | The PCM will activate back up fuel. |
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
| • | The PCM will turn the MIL off after three consecutive trips without a fault condition. |
| • | A History DTC clears after forty consecutive warm-up cycles, if this or any other emission related diagnostic does not report any failures. |
| • | The use of a scan tool. |
Diagnostic Aids
Intermittent DTCs (P0251, P0370 and P1216) may be caused by air entering the fuel system when fuel levels get below 1/8 of a tank while performing hard acceleration or turning maneuvers. It's also possible that a P0251, P0370 and P1216 will set if the vehicle has run out of fuel. Customer driving habits should be checked to determine if the vehicle has been performing in these manners. If the vehicle has been performing in these conditions, bleed the fuel system of all air and test drive the vehicle.
When PCM is in backup fuel, fast idle and poor performance problems will exist. If P0251 is also stored, the snap shot mode on the scan tool should be used to properly identify the fault. DTCs P0335, P1216, and P1217 may set along with this DTC.
The least likely cause of failure is the PCM.
Test Description
The numbers below refer to the step numbers on the diagnostic table.
-
This step will determine if the 5 volt reference is present.
-
This step checks the ground circuit.
-
This step determines if the problem is currently active by the scan tool displaying Last Test Failed. Do not proceed any further with this table if the scan tool does not display the term Last Test Failed. Duplicating the conditions in Freeze Frame and Failure Records can help create an active fault.
-
This step determines if a High Res signal is being sent to the PCM. Refer to the RPM vs Hertz table to compare the Hertz readings at different RPMs. Using Freeze Frame and Failure Records will help identify the RPM the problem occurs.
-
The PCM supplies 5 volts on the signal circuit. This step determines if that voltage is present, not present, or too much voltage is present.
-
This step determines if the signal circuit is shorted to 5V. A normal high res signal circuit will have 3-5 mA. Any reading over 50mA indicates a short to 5V.
Step | Action | Values | Yes | No |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Important: Before clearing any DTCs, use the scan tool Capture Info to save freeze frame and failure records for reference, as the scan tool loses data when using the Clear Info function. Was the Powertrain On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check performed? | -- | ||
Is the voltage at specified value? | 4.8-5.2V | |||
Is the test lamp ON? | -- | |||
Does the scan tool display the term Last Test Failed? | -- | Go to Diagnostic Aids | ||
Important: The scan tool must display Last Test Failed (under DTC, Specific). This ensures the fault is active while performing this test. Does the Hertz reading in Engine Speed Versus Hertz (Hz) correspond (±100 Hz) with the Hertz reading on the DMM at the designated RPM? | -- | |||
6 |
Was the Optical sensor 5 volt reference circuit open or shorted to ground? | -- | ||
7 |
Was a repair performed? | -- | ||
8 | Check the Optical sensor 5 volt reference circuit for a proper connection at the PCM and replace the terminal if necessary. Did the terminal require replacement? | -- | ||
Is the voltage within the specified value? | 4.8-5.2V | |||
10 | Is the voltage more than the specified value? | 4.8-5.2V | ||
11 | Repair the short to battery/ignition voltage on the high resolution signal circuit. Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
12 |
Was a repair made? | -- | ||
With a DMM set to the mA scale, measure the current between the High Res signal circuit and the ground circuit at the Optical/Fuel temperature sensor electrical connector. Is the current less than the specified value? | 25 mA | |||
14 | Repair the short to reference voltage on the high resolution signal circuit. Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
15 |
Was a problem found? | -- | ||
16 |
Was a problem found? | -- | ||
17 |
Important: The new injection pump must be timed. Refer to Fuel Injection Pump Timing Adjustment . Replace the injection pump. Refer to Fuel Injection Pump Replacement . Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
18 |
Important: The new PCM must be programmed. Replace the PCM. Refer to Powertrain Control Module Replacement/Programming . Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
19 |
Does the scan tool indicate the diagnostic Passed? | -- | ||
20 | Does the scan tool display any additional undiagnosed DTCs? | -- | Go to applicable DTC | System OK |
