Circuit Description
The optical sensor provides a high resolution signal to the PCM by counting the pulses on the sensor disk which is located in the injection pump. The high resolution is one of the most important inputs by the PCM for the fuel control and the timing. This test monitors the number of high resolution pulses which have been missed (not detected). This test is based on a comparison between the number of pulses that were detected since the last pump cam pulse and the number of the pulses that should have occurred. There are approximately 64 high resolution pulses for every CAM pulse.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
A number of High Resolution pulses missing (internal to the PCM) 64 to 1 ratio per every eight cam reference pulses.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
| • | The PCM illuminates the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) on the first drive trip the diagnostic runs and fails. |
| • | The Freeze Frame records the operating conditions at the time of failure and updates the Failure Records. |
| • | The PCM will activate Back Up fuel. |
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
| • | The PCM will turn the MIL off after three consecutive trips without a fault condition. |
| • | A History DTC will clear after forty consecutive warm-up cycles during which the diagnostic does not fail (the coolant temperature has risen 5°C (40°F) from the start up coolant temperature and the engine coolant temperature exceeds 71°C (160°F) during that same ignition cycle). |
| • | The PCM battery voltage interrupted. |
| • | Use of a Scan Tool will clear the MIL/DTC. |
Diagnostic Aids
Intermittent DTCs (P0251, P0370 and P1216) may be caused by air entering the fuel system when fuel levels get below 1/8 of a tank while performing hard acceleration or turning maneuvers. Its also possible that a P0251, P0370 and P1216 will set if vehicle has run out of fuel. Customer driving habits should be checked to determine if vehicle has been performing in these manners. If it has been determine that the vehicle has been performing in these conditions, bleed fuel system of all air and test drive vehicle.
When the PCM is in backup fuel, fast idle and poor performance problems will exist. If P0251 is also stored, the snap shot mode on the scan tool should be used to in order to properly identify a malfunction. DTCs P0335, P1216, and P1217 may set along with this DTC.
The least likely cause of failure is the PCM.
Test Description
Numbers below refer to the step numbers on the Diagnostic Table.
-
This step will determine if the 5 volt reference is present.
-
This step checks the ground circuit.
-
This step determines if the problem is currently active by the scan tool displaying Last Test Failed. Do not proceed any further with this table if the scan tool does not display the term Last Test Failed. Duplicating the conditions in Freeze Frame and Failure Records can help create an active fault.
-
This step determines if a High Res signal is being sent to the PCM. Refer to the RPM vs Hertz table to compare the Hertz readings at different RPMs. Using Freeze Frame and Failure Records will help identify the RPM the problem occurs.
-
The PCM supplies 5 volts on the signal circuit. This step determines if that voltage is present, not present, or too much voltage is present.
-
This step determines if the signal circuit is shorted to 5V. A normal high res signal circuit will have 3-5mA. Any reading over 50mA indicates a short to 5V.
Step | Action | Value(s) | Yes | No |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Important: Before clearing any DTCs, use the scan tool Capture Info to save freeze frame and failure records for reference, as the scan tool loses data when using the Clear Info function. Was the Powertrain On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check performed? | -- | Go to A Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check | |
Is the voltage at specified value? | 4.8-5.2 V | |||
Is the test light ON? | -- | |||
Does the scan tool display the term Last Test Failed? | -- | Go to Diagnostic Aids | ||
Important: The scan tool must display Last Test Failed (under DTC, Specific). This ensures the fault is active while performing this test. Referring to the RPM vs Hertz (Hz) table, does the Hertz reading in the table correspond (±100 Hz) with the Hertz reading on the DMM at the designated RPM? | -- | |||
6 |
Was the Optical sensor 5 volt reference circuit open or shorted to ground? | -- | ||
7 |
Was a repair performed? | -- | ||
8 | Check the Optical sensor 5 volt reference circuit for a poor connection at the PCM and replace the terminal if necessary. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems. Did the terminal require replacement? | -- | ||
Is the voltage within the specified value? | 4.8-5.2 V | |||
10 | Is the voltage greater than the specified value? | 4.8-5.2 V | ||
11 | Repair the short to battery/ignition voltage on the high resolution signal circuit. Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
12 |
Was a repair made? | -- | ||
With a DMM J 39200 set to the mA scale, measure the current between the High Res signal circuit and the ground circuit at the Optical/Fuel temperature sensor electrical connector. Is the current less than the specified value? | 25 mA | |||
14 | Repair the short to reference voltage on the high resolution signal circuit. Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
15 |
Was a problem found? | -- | ||
16 |
Was a problem found? | -- | ||
17 | Replace the injection pump. Refer to Fuel Injection Pump Replacement . Important: The new injection pump must be timed. Refer to Injection Timing Adjustment . Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
18 |
Important: The new PCM must be programmed. Replace the PCM. Refer to PCM Replacement/Programming . Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
19 |
Does the Scan Tool indicate the diagnostic Passed? | -- | ||
20 | Does the Scan Tool display any additional undiagnosed DTCs? | -- | Go to the applicable DTC table | System OK |
