Circuit Description
The vehicle speed sensor (VSS) is a magnetic induction sensor. The VSS is mounted close to the output shaft gear in the transmission. The gear teeth induce an alternating current in the sensor as the output shaft rotates. This frequency is applied to the control module at the rate of 40 cycles per output shaft revolution. The control module calculates the vehicle speed using this AC voltage signal.
If the VSS signal is not detected at any vehicle speed for 5 seconds, this diagnostic trouble code (DTC) will set.
Conditions for Running the DTC
| • | No active MAP sensor DTCs |
| • | The MAP is less than 20 kPa |
| • | The ECT is greater than 60°C (140°F) |
| • | The engine speed is greater than 1400 RPM but less than 4400 RPM |
| • | The throttle position is less than 3 percent |
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The VCM detects a vehicle speed less than 1 MPH for more than 5 seconds during decel.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
| • | The control module illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) the first time the diagnostic runs and fails. |
| • | The control module will set the DTC and records the operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. The control module stores the failure information in the scan tools Freeze Frame/Failure Records. |
Conditions for Clearing the MIL or DTC
| • | The control module turns OFF the MIL after 3 consecutive drive trips when the test has run and passed. |
| • | A history DTC will clear if no fault conditions have been detected for 40 warm-up cycles. A warm-up cycle occurs when the coolant temperature has risen 22°C (40°F) from the startup coolant temperature and the engine coolant reaches a temperature that is more than 70°C (158°F) during the same ignition cycle. |
| • | Use a scan tool in order to clear the DTCs. |
Diagnostic Aids
Thoroughly check any circuitry that is suspected of causing the intermittent complaint.
An intermittent may be caused by any of the following conditions:
| • | A poor connection |
| • | Rubbed through wire insulation |
| • | A broken wire inside the insulation |
Thoroughly check any circuitry that is suspected of causing the intermittent complaint. Refer to Intermittents and Poor Connections Diagnosis in Wiring Systems.
If a repair is necessary, refer to Wiring Repairs or Connector Repairs in Wiring Systems.
Test Description
The numbers below refer to the step numbers in the diagnostic table.
-
This test checks the AC voltage output of the vehicle speed sensor.
-
This test checks for an internal transmission problem.
Step | Action | Value(s) | Yes | No |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Important: Before clearing the DTCs, use the scan tool Capture Info function to save the Freeze Frame and the Failure Records for reference. This control module's data is deleted once the Clear Info function is used. Was the Powertrain On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check performed? | -- | ||
Is the voltage above the specified value? | 0.5 V | |||
3 | Check for an open in the vehicle speed sensor high circuit between the sensor and the VCM. Did you find a problem? | -- | ||
4 | Check for an open in the vehicle speed sensor low circuit between the sensor and the VCM. Did you find a problem? | -- | ||
5 | Check for a short to ground in the VSS high circuit between the sensor and the VCM. Did you find a problem? | -- | ||
Did you find a problem? | -- | |||
7 | Replace the vehicle speed sensor. Refer to Vehicle Speed Sensor in Manual Transmission, or Vehicle Speed Sensor Replacement for 4L60E, or Vehicle Speed Sensor Replacement for 4L80E in Automatic Transmission. Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
8 | Repair or replace the vehicle speed sensor rotor as necessary. Refer to Internal Transmission Speed Sensor Rotor Replacement for 4L60E, or Center Support and Gear Unit Assembly Disassemble for 4L80E or Transmission Disassemble (NV3500) , Transmission Disassemble (Four Wheel Drive) , or Transmission Disassemble (NV4500) in Transmission Unit Repair. Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
9 | Check for a poor connection at the vehicle speed sensor. Did you find a problem? | -- | ||
10 | Check for a poor connection at the VCM harness connector. Did you find a problem? | -- | ||
11 |
Important:: Special procedures are required to repair the twisted/shielded cable contained in this circuit. Repair the circuit as necessary. Refer to Wiring Repairs Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
12 |
Refer to Crankshaft Position System Variation Learn . Is the action complete? | -- | -- | |
13 |
Does the scan tool indicate that the diagnostic Passed? | -- | ||
14 | Does the scan tool display any additional undiagnosed DTCs? | -- | Go to The Applicable DTC Table | System OK |
