Circuit Description
A three-way catalytic (TWC) converter is used in order to control the
exhaust emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of
nitrogen (NOx). The catalyst within the converter promotes a chemical reaction
which oxidizes the HC and the CO that is present in the exhaust gas. This
will convert the HC and the CO into a harmless water vapor and a carbon dioxide,
and reduces the NOx, converting the NOx into nitrogen. The catalytic converter
also has the ability to store oxygen. The Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
has the capability to monitor this process by using a heated oxygen sensor
(HO2S) which is in the exhaust stream past the three-way catalytic converter.
The HO2S produces an output signal which indicates the oxygen storage capacity
of the catalyst. This in turn indicates the catalysts ability to convert the
exhaust emissions effectively. The PCM monitors the catalyst efficiency by
first allowing the catalyst to heat up, waiting for a stabilization period
while the engine is idling. Then, the PCM adds and removes the fuel while
monitoring the reaction of the HO2S. When the catalyst is functioning properly,
the HO2S 2 response to the extra fuel is slow compared to the O2S 1. When
the HO2S 2 response is close to that of the O2S 1, the oxygen storage capability
or efficiency of the catalyst is considered to be bad and the MIL will illuminate.
Conditions for Running the DTC
• | No active Oxygen Sensor DTC's |
• | No active Fuel Trim DTC's |
• | No active Injector Control DTC's |
• | No active Misfire DTC's |
• | No active System Voltage DTC's |
• | No active PCM Memory DTC's |
• | No active CKP System Variation Learn DTC's |
• | The engine has been running more than 520 seconds after
the throttle has moved. |
• | The BARO is above 72 kPa. |
• | The vehicle is in a Closed Loop operation. |
• | The engine speed has been more than 1200 RPM for more than
36 seconds since last idle period. |
• | Battery voltage is more than 9 volts. |
Then, with the vehicle stopped:
• | Engine is idling less than 150 RPM from the desired idle. |
• | The vehicle is in drive (automatic) or neutral (manual). |
• | The Throttle Position (TP) is 0 percent. |
• | The Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) is between 75°C (167°F)
and 125°C (257°F). |
• | The Intake Air Temperature (IAT) is between -20°C (-4°F)
and 60°C (140°F). |
• | The Short Term (ST) fuel trim is between 93 (-28 percent)
and 163 (+28 percent). |
• | The catalytic temperature is above 510°C (950°F) for 2.4L
or 345°C (653°F) for 2.2L. In order to obtain the correct temperature
to run the test, drive the vehicle until the converter temperature is 50°C
(122°F) above the condition for running the DTC. |
• | The above conditions are present for up to 30 seconds. |
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The HO2S 2 response is too quick.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
• | The malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) will illuminate. |
• | The PCM will record the operating conditions at the time that
the diagnostic fails. The Freeze Frame and Failure Records buffers will store
this information. |
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
• | The malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) will turn OFF after
3 consecutive ignition cycles in which the diagnostic runs without a fault. |
• | A history DTC will clear after 40 consecutive warm up cycles without
a fault. |
• | Use a scan tool to clear the DTCs. |
Diagnostic Aids
• | A poor connection, rubbed through wire insulation, or a wire that
is broken inside the insulation may cause an Intermittent problem. |
• | Thoroughly check any circuitry, suspected of causing the intermittent
complaint, for backed out terminals, improper mating, broken locks, or physical
damage to the wiring harness. |
Test Description
The numbers below refer to the step numbers on the Diagnostic Table.
-
The Powertrain OBD System Check prompts you to complete some of the
basic checks and to store the freeze frame and failure records data on the
scan tool if applicable. This creates an electronic copy of the data
captured when the malfunction occurred. The scan tool stores this
data for later reference.
-
If any component DTCs are set, diagnose
those DTCs first. A malfunction in a component can cause the converter to
appear degraded or may have caused the malfunction.
-
This step includes
checks for conditions that can cause the three-way catalytic converter to
appear degraded. Repair any problems found before proceeding with
this table.
-
If you need to replace the three-way catalytic converter, make sure
that another condition is not present which would cause damage to
the converter. Correct any possible causes of converter damage before
replacing the catalytic converter in order to avoid damage to the
replacement converter.
These conditions may include the following items:
• | High engine oil or coolant consumption |
-
Clearing the
DTCs allows the catalyst test to be run up to 6 times this ignition
cycle. Once the ignition switch is cycled, the test will run only
once. Driving the vehicle heats the catalyst to a test temperature.
The engine speed must be above idle for a predetermined amount of
time before the PCM will allow the catalyst test to run. Once at idle,
the PCM will allow the system to stabilize and then test the catalyst
in 2 stages.
-
If you have found no malfunctions at this point and
no additional DTCs were set, refer to Diagnostic Aids
for additional checks and
information.
Step
| Action
| Value(s)
| Yes
| No
|
1
| Did you perform the Powertrain
On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check?
| --
|
Go to Step 2
| Go to
Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check
|
2
|
- Turn ON the ignition leaving the engine OFF.
- Install a scan tool.
Were any component DTCs set?
| --
| Go to applicable DTC table
|
Go to Step 3
|
3
|
- Turn OFF the ignition.
- Visually/Physically check the following:
• | The exhaust system for leaks |
• | The Rear Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 2) for leaks |
Was a problem found?
| --
|
Go to Step
4
|
Go to Step 5
|
4
| Repair the
exhaust system as necessary.
Is the action complete?
| --
|
Go to Step
6
| --
|
5
| Replace
the three-way catalytic converter. Refer to the
Catalytic Converter Replacement
in Engine Exhaust.
Is the action complete?
| --
|
Go to Step
6
| --
|
6
|
- Using the scan tool, clear the DTCs.
- Start the engine.
- Idle the engine at the normal operating temperature.
- Operate the vehicle within the conditions for setting this DTC
as specified in the supporting text.
Does the scan tool indicate that this diagnostic ran and passed?
| --
|
Go to Step 7
|
Go to Step 2
|
7
| Check to see if any additional DTCs are set.
Does the scan tool display any DTCs that you have not diagnosed?
| --
| Go to the applicable
DTC table
| System OK
Go to Diagnostic Aids
|