GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only

Buckle

Condition

Action

Using equipment like snow plows for which the frame was not designed.

Straighten and reinforce the frame. Refer to Frame Straightening Description Frame Straightening Description.

A collision involving the vehicle.

A fire involving the vehicle.

Abrupt changes in section modulus.

Improper body, or accessory mounting, which may include the following:

    • Holes drilled in the flange of the frame rail.
    • Too many holes in the web section of the rail.
    • Holes in the web section which are too close to each other.
    • Four or more holes in the same vertical line of the rail web.
    • Welds on the flange, particularly across the flange or along its edge.
    • Cutting holes in the rail with a torch.
    • Cutting notches anywhere on the rails.