GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only

Windshield Wiper/Washer System Components

The windshield wiper/washer system consists of the following components:

    • Windshield wiper/washer switch that is part of turn signal/multifunction switch
    • Windshield wiper motor and module
    • Washer fluid pump - reversible
    • Washer fluid pump relay
    • W/S WPR 25A fuse
    • W/S WASH 15A fuse

Windshield Wiper/Washer System Operation

The windshield wiper motor module is part of the windshield wiper motor cover and controls wiper motor operation. The windshield wiper motor is a 2 speed motor and is operated at low speed in all modes except HIGH. The accessory voltage supply circuit to the windshield wiper motor provides the power for operating the wiper motor and the wiper motor module. The windshield wiper switch signal circuit is referenced from 5 volts within the wiper motor module then applied to the wiper/washer switch. The signal circuit voltage level is controlled by the wiper/washer switch through a series of internal resistors, and the switch position determines the point on the resistor assembly where the reference voltage is applied. Windshield wiper motor high speed operation is controlled by the windshield wiper/washer switch through the windshield wiper switch high speed signal circuit. The windshield wiper switch high speed signal circuit is supplied 12 volts by the wiper motor module and when the wiper/washer switch is turned to the HIGH position the windshield wiper switch high speed signal circuit is grounded.

The washer fluid pump is a reversible motor and is used to wash both the windshield and rear window. The washer fluid pump is controlled by the windshield wiper motor module through the washer fluid pump relay. The washer fluid pump relay coil and switch are supplied battery positive voltage, and during the windshield or rear window wash modes the wiper motor module grounds the washer fluid pump relay control circuit energizing the relay. When the relay is energized battery positive voltage to the switch side of the relay is supplied to the windshield wiper motor module through the washer fluid pump supply voltage circuit. The windshield wiper motor module also controls the voltage polarity of the washer fluid pump control circuits. During windshield wash operation the windshield washer pump control circuit supplies positive voltage to the washer fluid pump and the rear window washer pump control circuit is the ground circuit.

Windshield Wiper On Signal to the BCM

The windshield wiper On signal circuit from the wiper motor module is used by the body control module as a signal to turn ON the headlamps and parklamps during windshield wiper motor operation. This feature can be enable/disable through calibration. There are calibrations to enable/disable the parklamps, rear parklamps, rear fog lamps, front fog lamps, high beams, and low beams in any combination in response to this feature. The nominal value of the calibrations are parklamps enabled, rear parklamps enabled, rear fog lamps disabled, front fog lamps disabled, high beams enabled, and low beams enabled.

Check Washer Fluid Message

The Check Washer Fluid message is controlled by the instrument panel cluster using an input from the washer fluid level switch. The washer fluid level signal circuit is supplied ignition voltage through a resistor then monitored within the instrument cluster. The washer fluid level switch is normally open so the instrument cluster detects ignition voltage on the washer fluid level signal circuit whenever the washer fluid level is not low. When the washer fluid reaches the point where the driver should be informed that the washer fluid is low, the washer fluid level switch closes. When the washer fluid level switch is closed the washer fluid level signal circuit voltage is pulled low, and the instrument panel displays the Check Washer Fluid message on the driver information center. In order to prevent the Check Washer Fluid message from being displayed while sloshing is occurring in the washer fluid container, the instrument cluster is programed with a 1 minute delay before changing states of the Check Washer Fluid message during an ignition cycle.