Diagnostic Instructions
| • | Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure. |
| • | Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic approach. |
| • | Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each diagnostic category. |
DTC Descriptors
DTC P0171: Fuel Trim System LeanDTC P0172: Fuel Trim System Rich
Circuit/System Description
The engine control module (ECM) controls a Closed Loop air/fuel metering system in order to provide the best possible combination of driveability, fuel economy, and emission control. The ECM monitors the heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) signal voltage and adjusts the fuel delivery based on the signal voltage while in Closed Loop. A change made to the fuel delivery changes the long and short term fuel trim values. The short term fuel trim values change rapidly in response to the HO2S signal voltages. These changes fine tune the engine fueling. The long term fuel trim values change in response to trends in the short term fuel trim. The long term fuel trim makes coarse adjustments to fueling in order to re-center and restore control to short term fuel trim. The ideal fuel trim values are around 0 percent. A positive fuel trim value indicates that the ECM is adding fuel in order to compensate for a lean condition. A negative fuel trim value indicates that the ECM is reducing the amount of fuel in order to compensate for a rich condition. The fuel trim cells are based on the engine speed and load.
Conditions for Running the DTC
| • | DTCs P0016, P0106, P0107, P0108, P0112, P0113, P0117, P0118, P0122, P0123, P0131, P0132, P0133, P0134, P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0336, P0337, P0340, P0402, P0404, P0405, P0406, P0443, P0506, P0507, P2297, and P1404 are not set. |
| • | The fuel system is in Closed Loop. |
| • | The engine is running. |
| • | The engine speed is between 700-6,000 RPM |
| • | The engine coolant temperature is between 70-105°C (158-221°F). |
| • | The intake air temperature (IAT) sensor is between -40 and +120°C (-40 and +248°F) for Euro III Emissions or -10 and +80°C (+14 and +176°F) for Euro IV Emissions. |
| • | The throttle position is between less than 80 percent for Euro III Emissions or 90 percent for Euro IV Emissions. |
| • | The manifold absolute pressure (MAP) is between 25-95 kPa. |
| • | The barometric pressure (BARO) is greater than 72 kPa. |
| • | The engine airflow is between 1.5-45 g/s. |
| • | The vehicle speed is less than 140 km/h (87 mph). |
| • | The ignition 1 voltage is greater than 11 volts. |
| • | The DTCs run continuously when the above conditions are met. |
Conditions for Setting the DTC
P0171
The average long term fuel trim cell values are greater than 30 percent for 10 seconds.
P0172
The average long term fuel trim cell values are less than -30 percent for 10 seconds.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
DTCs P0171, and P0172 are Type B DTCs.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
DTCs P0171, and P0172 are Type B DTCs.
Diagnostic Aids
| • | The system will become lean if a fuel injector is not supplying enough fuel. |
| • | A lean condition could be present during high fuel demand due to a fuel pump that does not deliver enough fuel, a plugged fuel filter, or a restricted fuel pipe. |
| • | The system will become rich if a fuel injector is supplying too much fuel. |
| • | Review the Freeze Frame/Failure Records with a scan tool. |
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Electrical Information Reference
DTC Type Reference
Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References for scan tool information
Circuit/System Verification
- Ignition ON, observe the DTC Information with a scan tool. Verify no DTCs are set.
- Engine running, observe the scan tool manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor pressure parameter and compare the reading on the scan tool to the barometric pressure table. Refer to Altitude Versus Barometric Pressure .
- Observe the scan tool TP sensor percentage parameter. The reading should be less than 10 percent.
- Observe the scan tool HO2S sensor voltage parameter. The reading should fluctuate within 200-800 mV.
- Observe the scan tool Long Term FT parameter. The reading should be between -5 to +5 percent.
- If all conditions test normal, test or inspect the engine for a mechanical condition. Refer to Symptoms - Engine Mechanical .
- Operate the vehicle within the Conditions for Running the DTC to verify the DTC does not reset. You may also operate the vehicle within the conditions that you observed from the Freeze Frame/Failure Records data.
| ⇒ | If any DTCs are set, refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle . |
| ⇒ | If the MAP sensor pressure is not within the specified range for your altitude, refer to DTC P0107 or P0108 . |
| ⇒ | If greater than the specified range, refer to DTC P0122 or P0123 . |
| ⇒ | If not within the specified range, refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle . |
| ⇒ | If not within the specified range, verify none of the following conditions exist: |
| • | Fuel contamination--Refer to Alcohol/Contaminants-in-Fuel Diagnosis . |
| • | Splits, kinks, or improper connections at the vacuum hoses |
| • | The fuel system is operating lean or rich. Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis . |
| • | The fuel injectors are operating lean or rich. Refer to Fuel Injector Solenoid Coil Test . |
| • | Missing, restricted, or leaking exhaust components--Refer to Symptoms - Engine Exhaust . |
| • | Vacuum leaks at the intake manifold, throttle body, and injector O-rings P0171 |
| • | Leaking crankcase ventilation system P0171 |
| • | The air intake duct for being collapsed or restricted possibly by a restricted air filter P0172 |
| • | Leaking fuel pressure regulator--Inspect for evidence of fuel in the vacuum line. Refer to Fuel System Diagnosis . P0172 |
| • | Excessive fuel in the crankcase P0172 |
| • | The incorrect operation of the evaporative emissions control system P0172 |
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.
