An Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system lowers the Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emission levels that are caused by high combustion temperatures. This is accomplished by feeding small amounts of exhaust gases back into the combustion chamber. When the air/fuel mixture is diluted with the exhaust gases, the combustion temperatures are reduced.

A linear EGR valve is used on this system. The linear EGR valve is designed to accurately supply exhaust gases to the engine without the use of the intake manifold vacuum. The valve controls the exhaust flow going into the intake manifold from the exhaust manifold through an orifice with a PCM controlled pintle. The PCM controls the pintle position by using inputs from the Throttle Position (TP) sensor and the Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor. The PCM then commands the EGR valve to operate when necessary by controlling an ignition signal through the PCM. This can be monitored on a scan tool as the Desired EGR Position.

The PCM monitors the results of the command through a feedback signal. By sending a 5 volt reference and a ground to the EGR valve, a voltage signal representing the EGR valve pintle position travels to the PCM. This feedback signal can also be monitored on a scan tool and is the actual position of the EGR pintle. The Actual EGR Position should always be near the commanded or the Desired EGR Position.

Number(s) below refer to the step number(s) on the Diagnostic Table.

1. The Powertrain OBD System Check prompts the technician to complete some basic checks and store the freeze frame and failure records data on the scan tool if applicable. This creates an electronic copy of the data taken when the fault occurred. The information is then stored on the scan tool for later reference.

2. Commanding the EGR valve open determines whether the EGR system is totally restricted or partially restricted.

3. Visually and physically inspect the EGR passages and valve for excessive carbon deposits or damage.

4. Be sure all gasket material is removed from the EGR mounting surface. Even a small amount of material may cause a DTC P0401 to set. Refer to Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve Replacement for on vehicle service of the EGR valve.

5. This step verifies if the fault is present and also verifies if a repair corrected the problem. Refer to Diagnostic Aids for an explanation on EGR Decel Filter. If the EGR Decel Filter value stays near 0 or a positive number after several tests have been run, then a small restriction may still exist. Be sure to check the EGR pipe for damage or dents and the EGR valve for any excessive carbon build up. Only 1 test per ignition cycle will run unless a DTC P0401 has been cleared or the battery has been disconnected.

6. Clearing DTCs is a very important step for this diagnostic. The clearing function allows the EGR valve to relearn a new pintle position as the old position was inaccurate due to the failure that caused the DTC. The DTC must be cleared with the ignition ON, engine OFF or when the engine is idling. If the PCM sees a EGR command, the new pintle will not be learned.