Circuit Description
A 3-way catalytic converter (TWC) controls emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The catalyst within the converter promotes a chemical reaction which oxidizes the HC and the CO that are present in the exhaust gas. This process converts the HC and the CO into water vapor and carbon dioxide (CO2), and reduces the NOx, converting the NOx into nitrogen. The catalytic converter also stores oxygen. The powertrain control module (PCM) monitors this process by using a heated oxygen sensor (HO2S) that is in the exhaust stream after the TWC. This HO2S 2, also referred to as the catalyst monitor sensor, produces an output signal that the PCM uses to calculate the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst. This indicates the ability of the catalyst to convert the exhaust emissions efficiently. The PCM monitors the efficiency of the catalyst by allowing the catalyst to heat, then wait for a stabilization period while the engine is idling. The PCM then adds and removes fuel while monitoring the HO2S 1 and HO2S 2 signals in order to determine if the storage capacity of the catalyst is degraded. If the PCM detects the degraded condition, DTC P0420 sets.
DTC Descriptor
This diagnostic procedure supports the following DTC:
DTC P0420 Catalyst System Low Efficiency Bank 1
Conditions for Running the DTC
| • | DTCs P0030, P0036, P0053, P0054, P0068, P0101, P0102, P0103, P0107, P0108, P0112, P0113, P0116, P0117, P0118, P0120, P0125, P0128, P0131, P0132, P0133, P0134, P0135, P0137, P0138, P0140, P0141, P0171, P0172, P0201, P0202, P0203, P0204, P0205, P0206, P0220, P0300, P0325, P0327, P0332, P0335, P0336, P0340, P0341, P0401, P0403, P0404, P0405, P0406, P0442, P0443, P0446, P0449, P0455, P0496, P0506, P0507, P1133, P1134, P1258, P1404, P1516, P2101, P2107, P2108, P2119, P2120, P2125, P2135, P2138, P2A00, P2A01, U0107 are not set. |
| • | The engine has been running for more than 10 minutes. |
| • | Since new, the vehicle must have run for at least 1 hour, followed by a key cycle. |
| • | The engine coolant temperature (ECT) is between 75-124°C (167-255°F). |
| • | The barometric pressure (BARO) is more than 70 kPa. |
| • | The vehicle is in Closed Loop. |
| • | The intake air temperature (IAT) is between -20 and +100°C (-4 and +212°F). |
| • | The battery voltage is more than 10.7 volts. |
| • | The throttle position (TP) is 1.5 percent or less. |
| • | The short term fuel trim (FT) is between -3.5 and +2.5 percent. |
| • | The calculated mass air flow (MAF) is between 3-10 g/s. |
| • | Warm the catalyst by performing the following procedures: |
| - | Fully open the hood. |
| - | Place the transaxle in PARK for automatic transaxle. |
| - | Place the transaxle is NEUTRAL for manual transaxle, with clutch pedal depressed. |
| - | Set the parking brake. |
| - | Press and hold the service brake. |
| • | This diagnostic attempts 1 test during each valid idle period once the above conditions have been met for 5 seconds. This diagnostic attempts up to 6 tests during each drive cycle. The first test may be run after the initial warm up period of 10 minutes. Maintain engine speed between 2,000-3,000 RPM in park or neutral for 2 minutes. Allow the engine to return to a stabilized idle. Shift into drive for an automatic transmission, without touching the accelerator in order for the test to run. Between each subsequent test, maintain engine speed between 2,000-3,000 RPM in park or neutral for 2 minutes. Allow the engine to return to a stabilized idle. Shift into drive for an automatic transmission, without touching the accelerator in order for the test to run. |
| • | Test the catalyst by performing the following procedures: |
| - | Idle the engine and place the vehicle in Drive, or depress the clutch pedal for a manual transmission vehicle, to activate the diagnostic. Within 60 seconds, the air fuel ratio will transition rich, short term fuel trim may change to approximately 10 percent, for up to 5 seconds, and then may transition lean, short term fuel trim may change to approximately -10 percent, for up to 3 seconds. |
| - | Verify if DTC P0420 has passed or failed this ignition cycle with the scan tool. |
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The PCM determines that the efficiency of the catalyst has degraded below a calibrated threshold. This diagnostic may conclude in as few as one test attempt. However, this diagnostic may require as many as 18 test attempts, which would require at least 3 drive cycles. Each test attempt concludes within 2 minutes.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
| • | The control module illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) when the diagnostic runs and fails. |
| • | The control module records the operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. The control module stores this information in the Freeze Frame/Failure Records. |
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
| • | The control module turns OFF the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) after 3 consecutive ignition cycles that the diagnostic runs and does not fail. |
| • | A current DTC, Last Test Failed, clears when the diagnostic runs and passes. |
| • | A history DTC clears after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles, if no failures are reported by this or any other emission related diagnostic. |
| • | Clear the MIL and the DTC with a scan tool. |
Diagnostic Aids
| • | These conditions may cause a catalytic converter to degrade. Inspect for the following conditions: |
| - | An engine misfire |
| - | High engine oil or high coolant consumption |
| - | Retarded spark timing |
| - | A weak or poor spark |
| - | A lean fuel mixture |
| - | A rich fuel mixture |
| - | A damaged oxygen sensor or wiring harness |
| - | The catalyst test may abort if the vehicle falls outside the conditions for running the DTC. |
| - | If 18 tests have been attempted, and the DTC has not run or passed during this key cycle, turn the key to OFF for 30 seconds. Perform the conditions for running a second time. |
| • | If an intermittent condition cannot be duplicated, the information included in the Freeze Frame/Failure Records can be useful in determining the vehicle operating conditions when the DTC was set. |
Caution: Refer to Road Test Caution in the Preface section.
| Important: A new catalyst may fail this test due to out-gassing of the internal matting. If this occurs, operate the vehicle at highway speeds for approximately one hour and retest. |
| • | The catalyst may have been temporarily contaminated with a chemical from a fuel additive, fuel contamination, or any of the above conditions. |
| • | If the condition is determined to be intermittent, refer to Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections . |
Step | Action | Yes | No | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Did you perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle? | Go to Step 2 | |||||||||||
2 |
Notice: Refer to Three-Way Catalytic Converter Damage Notice in the Preface section. Does the scan tool indicate DTC P0420 ran and passed this ignition? | Go to Step 4 | Go to Step 3 | ||||||||||
3 |
Important: The test may need to be completed up to 6 times in order to pass or fail. If more than 6 tests have been attempted and the DTC has not passed or failed this ignition cycle, the test may be aborting. Refer to Diagnostic Aids.Does the scan tool indicate DTC P0420 ran and passed this ignition? | Go to Diagnostic Aids | Go to Step 4 | ||||||||||
4 |
Important: Verify that the 3-way catalytic converter (TWC) is a high quality part that meets the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) specifications. Visually and physically inspect the applicable catalytic converter for the following conditions:
Did you find a condition? | Go to Step 8 | Go to Step 5 | ||||||||||
5 | Visually inspect the exhaust system for the following conditions:
Did you find and correct the condition? | Go to Step 9 | Go to Step 6 | ||||||||||
6 | Visually inspect the applicable HO2S 2 for the following conditions:
Did you find a condition? | Go to Step 7 | Go to Step 8 | ||||||||||
7 | Replace the HO2S 2 sensor. Refer to Heated Oxygen Sensor Replacement - Bank 1 Sensor 2 . Did you complete the replacement? | Go to Step 9 | -- | ||||||||||
8 |
Notice: In order to avoid damaging the replacement three-way catalytic converter, correct the engine misfire or mechanical fault before replacing the three-way catalytic converter. Replace the catalytic converter. Refer to Catalytic Converter Replacement - Right Side . Did you complete the replacement? | Go to Step 9 | -- | ||||||||||
9 |
Did the DTC fail this ignition? | Go to Step 2 | Go to Step 10 | ||||||||||
10 | Observe the Capture Info with a scan tool Are there any DTCs that you have not diagnosed? | System OK |
