DTC Descriptor
DTC P0116: Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor PerformanceDiagnostic Fault Information
Important: Always perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
Circuit | Short to Ground | High Resistance | Open | Short to Voltage | Signal Performance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ECT Sensor Signal | P0117 | P0118 | P0118 | P0118 | P0116, P0125, P0128 |
Low Reference | -- | P0118 | P0118 | P0118 | P0125, P0128 |
Typical Scan Tool Data
Circuit | Normal Range | Short to Ground | Open | Short to Voltage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
ECT Sensor Signal | -39 to +120°C (-38°F +248°F) | 150°C (302°F) | -40°C (-40°F) | -40°C (-40°F) |
Low Reference | -- | -- | -40°C (-40°F) | -40°C (-40°F) |
Circuit/System Description
The engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor is a variable resistor that measures the temperature of the engine coolant. The engine control module (ECM) supplies 5 volts to the ECT signal circuit and supplies a ground to the low reference circuit.
The ECM uses this high side coolant rationality diagnostic to determine if the input from the ECT sensor is skewed high. The internal clock of the ECM will record the amount of time the ignition is OFF. If the calibrated ignition OFF time is met at start-up, the ECM will compare the temperature difference between the ECT and the intake air temperature (IAT) to determine if the temperatures are within an acceptable operating range of each other.
Conditions for Running the DTC
| • | DTCs P0112, P0113, P0117, P0118, P0125, P0128, P0502, P0503, P0601, P1621, P1627, P1680, P1681, P2610 are not set. |
| • | The vehicle has had a minimum ignition OFF time of 8 hours. |
| • | The ignition is ON. |
| • | The start-up IAT is more than 10°C (50°F). |
| • | The Fuel Level Sensor parameter is more than 2.5 percent. |
| • | This DTC runs once per ignition cycle within the enabling conditions. |
Conditions for Setting the DTC
| • | The ECM detects a temperature difference at power-up that indicates that the ECT sensor is 30°C (54°F) more than the IAT sensor. |
| OR |
| • | The ECM detects a temperature difference at power-up that indicates that the ECT sensor is 16°C (29°F) more than the IAT sensor and the time spent cranking the engine is more than 30 seconds, when the fuel level is more than 2.5 percent. |
| OR |
| • | The ECM detects a temperature difference at power-up that indicates that the ECT sensor is 16°C (29°F) more than the IAT sensor. Then the vehicle must be driven for more than 6 minutes and 40 seconds at more than 40 km/h (25 mph). If the IAT sensor then decreases more than 5°C (9°F), an engine block heater was detected and the test is aborted. If the IAT sensor does not decrease, an engine block heater was not detected and DTC P0116 will set. |
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
| • | The control module illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) on the second consecutive ignition cycle that the diagnostic runs and fails. |
| • | The control module records the operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. The first time the diagnostic fails, the control module stores this information in the Failure Records. If the diagnostic reports a failure on the second consecutive ignition cycle, the control module records the operating conditions at the time of the failure. The control module writes the operating conditions to the Freeze Frame and updates the Failure Records. |
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
| • | The control module turns OFF the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) after 3 consecutive ignition cycles that the diagnostic runs and does not fail. |
| • | A current DTC, Last Test Failed, clears when the diagnostic runs and passes. |
| • | A history DTC clears after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles, if no failures are reported by this or any other emission related diagnostic. |
| • | Clear the MIL and the DTC with a scan tool. |
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Connector End View Reference
Electrical Information Reference
Scan Tool Reference
Circuit/System Verification
- If the ignition has been OFF for 8 hours or more, the ECT and the IAT, should be within 6°C (11°F) of each other and also the ambient temperature. Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF, and use a scan tool to observe the IAT and the ECT sensor parameters. Compare those sensor parameters to each other and also to the ambient temperature. A slight to moderate resistance in the IAT signal or low reference circuit, can widen the spread between the 2 sensors and cause this DTC to set.
- An IAT sensor that is skewed lower at various ambient temperatures, due to more resistance than is normal, can widen the spread between the 2 sensors and cause this DTC to set. Measure and record the resistance of the IAT sensor at various ambient temperatures, and then compare those measurements to the Temperature vs. Resistance Table. Refer to Temperature Versus Resistance .
- Use the scan tool Ignition OFF parameter, and a watch, to determine if the internal clock of the ECM is working properly.
- Inspect the ECT sensor terminals for corrosion, and for engine coolant leaking through the sensor.
- Turn OFF the ignition.
- Inspect the cooling system surge tank for the proper engine coolant level. Refer to Cooling System Leak Testing and Cooling System Draining and Filling .
Caution: Under pressure, the temperature of the solution in the radiator can be considerably higher, without boiling. Removing the radiator cap while the engine is hot (pressure is high), will cause the solution to boil instantaneously, with explosive force. The solution will spew out over the engine, fenders, and the person removing the cap. Serious bodily injury may result. Flammable antifreeze, such as alcohol, is not recommended for use at any time. Flammable antifreeze could cause a serious fire.
Circuit/System Testing
- Disconnect the ECT sensor.
- Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF.
- Measure for the proper range of 4.9-5.2 volts between the ECT sensor signal circuit and a good ground with a DMM.
- Remove and test the ECT sensor. Refer to Component Testing.
| ⇒ | If the voltage is less than 4.9 volts, test the ECT sensor signal circuit for a high resistance short to ground. |
| ⇒ | If the ECT sensor signal circuit tests normal, and the voltage is still not within the proper range, then replace the ECM. |
| ⇒ | If the resistance measurements of the ECT sensor are out of range, replace the sensor. |
| ⇒ | If the ECT sensor tests normal and the DTC continues to set, then replace the ECM. |
Component Testing
Measure and record the resistance of the ECT sensor at various ambient temperatures, and then compare those measurements to the Temperature vs. Resistance Table. Refer to Temperature Versus Resistance .
Repair Instructions
Important: Always perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.
| • | Control Module References for ECM replacement, setup, and programming. |
