GM Service Manual Online
For 1990-2009 cars only

Object Number: 52282  Size: SF
Handling ESD Sensitive Parts Notice
Engine Controls Components
OBD II Symbol Description Notice

Circuit Description

The VCM controls idle RPM with the IAC valve. To increase idle RPM, the VCM retracts the IAC pintle from the seat, allowing more air to bypass the throttle plate. To decrease RPM, it extends the IAC pintle valve in towards the seat, reducing air flow through the IAC valve port in the throttle body. A scan tool will read the VCM commands to the IAC valve in counts. The higher the counts, the more air allowed (higher idle). The lower the counts, the less air allowed (lower idle).

IAC Valve Reset Procedure Without A Scan Tool

  1. Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF for 5 seconds.
  2. Turn OFF the ignition for 10 seconds.
  3. Start the engine and check for proper operation.

IAC Valve Reset Procedure With Scan Tool

  1. Turn ON the ignition, with the engine OFF.
  2. Install a scan tool.
  3. Select F4 Misc. Tests.
  4. Select F3 IAC System.
  5. Select F1 IAC Reset.
  6. Use up arrow to reset IAC.

Diagnostic Aids

A slow, unstable, or fast idle may be caused by a non-IAC system problem that cannot be overcome by the IAC valve. The following checks should be made to repair a non-IAC system problem.

Important: If for some reason the air intake to the engine is restricted, the VCM will attempt to compensate by backing out the IAC pintle to maintain desired idle. If the engine has another source of air to the intake, the VCM will compensate by extending the IAC pintle, scan IAC counts may reach zero as the VCM tries to maintain desired idle.

    • Vacuum Leak (High Idle) - If idle is too high, stop the engine. Fully extend (low) IAC with tester.
        Start engine. If idle speed is above 800 RPM, locate and correct vacuum leak including crankcase ventilation system. Also, check for binding of throttle blade or linkage.
    • System lean (high air/fuel ratio) - Idle speed may be too high or too low. Engine speed may vary up and down, disconnecting IAC does not help. May set DTC P0171. The scan tool will read Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) output less than 300 mV (0.3 volt). Check for low regulated fuel pressure or water in fuel.
    • System rich (low air/fuel ratio) - Idle speed too low. Scan IAC counts are usually above 80. System obviously rich and may exhibit black smoke exhaust. May set DTC P0172. The scan tool will read Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) signal fixed above 800 mV (0.8 volt).
        Check for high fuel pressure, leaking or sticking injector. Silicone contaminated HO2S scan voltage will be slow to respond.
    • Throttle body - Remove IAC valve and inspect bore for foreign material.
    • IAC Valve Electrical Connections - IAC valve connections should be carefully checked for proper contact.
    • Crankcase Ventilation Valve - A problem or a incorrect crankcase ventilation valve may result in an incorrect idle speed.
        Refer to Rough, Unstable, or Incorrect Idle and Stalling .
    • A/C Compressor - Refer to Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Control Circuit Diagnosis if circuit is shorted to ground. If there is a relay problem,an idle problem may exist.
        Refer to Rough, Unstable, or Incorrect Idle and Stalling .
    • If intermittent poor driveability or idle symptoms are resolved by disconnecting the IAC, carefully recheck connections, valve terminal resistance or replace IAC.

Test Description

Numbers below refer to the step numbers on the Diagnostic Table.

  1. This test determines if the VCM is capable of closing the IAC valve.

  2. This test determines if the VCM is capable of opening the IAC valve.

  3. All engine mechanical related conditions should be checked and repaired before testing the IAC system.

Idle Air Control (IAC) System Check

Step

Action

Value(s)

Yes

No

1

Important:: Before clearing the DTCs, use the scan tool Capture Info to save the Freeze Frame and Failure Records for reference. The control module's data is deleted once the Clear Info function is used.

Did you perform the Powertrain On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check?

--

Go to Step 2

Go to the Powertrain On Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check

2

  1. Set the parking brake and block the drive wheels.
  2. Turn OFF the A/C.
  3. Start the engine and allow it idle in Park (A/T) or Neutral (M/T).
  4. Install a scan tool and go to Special Functions.
  5. Using RPM control in the IAC System test, command the engine speed to the first specified value.

Is the actual engine speed within the second specified value of the commanded RPM?

500 RPM

100 RPM

Go to Step 3

Go to Step 4

3

Using the RPM Control in the IAC System test, command the engine speed to the first specified value.

Is the actual engine speed within the second specified value of the commanded RPM?

1200 RPM

100 RPM

Go to Diagnostic Aids

Go to Step 5

4

Check for the following:

    • Vacuum leaks
    • Throttle plates not closing properly
    • Damaged PCV valve
    • Restricted air induction system

Refer to Diagnostic Aids.

Did you find a problem?

--

Go to Step 20

Go to Step 6

5

Check for obstructions or excessive carbon deposits in the throttle body IAC passages.

Did you find a problem?

--

Go to Step 21

Go to Step 6

6

  1. Turn OFF the ignition.
  2. Disconnect the IAC valve harness connector.
  3. Check for a poor connection at the IAC valve. Refer to Diagnostic Aids.

Did you find a problem?

--

Go to Step 19

Go to Step 7

7

  1. Connect the J 37027-A IAC Motor Driver to the IAC valve.
  2. Turn OFF the A/C.
  3. Set the parking brake and block the drive wheels.
  4. Start the engine and allow it idle in Park (A/T) or Neutral (M/T).
  5. Install a scan tool and monitor engine RPM.
  6. Extend and retract the IAC valve using the IAC driver.

Does the engine RPM decrease and increase as the IAC valve is cycled?

--

Go to Step 8

Go to Step 22

8

Does the RPM change smoothly with each flash of the IAC driver lamp?

--

Go to Step 9

Go to Step 22

9

  1. Install the appropriate IAC node lamp onto the IAC valve harness connector.
  2. Cycle the J 37027-A IAC motor driver and observe the lamps.
  3. Both lamps should cycle green to red but never OFF as the RPM is changed over its range.

Are the lamps flashing red to green but never OFF?

--

Go to Step 10

Go to Step 12

10

  1. Remove the J 37027-A IAC Motor Driver.
  2. Measure the resistance between the IAC motor terminals A and B with a J 39200 DMM.
  3. Measure the resistance between the IAC motor terminals C and D with a J 39200 DMM.

Are the readings within the specified value?

40-80 ohms

Go to Step 11

Go to Step 22

11

  1. Measure the resistance between the IAC motor terminals B and C with a J 39200 DMM.
  2. Measure the resistance between the IAC motor terminals A and D with a J 39200 DMM.

Are the readings within the specified value?

Go to Diagnostic Aids

Go to Step 22

12

  1. Turn OFF the ignition.
  2. Disconnect the VCM C2 connector.
  3. Check for a poor connection at the VCM. Refer to Diagnostic Aids.

Did you find a problem?

--

Go to Step 19

Go to Step 13

13

  1. Remove the IAC node lamp.
  2. Check for an open in the IAC driver circuits between the IAC valve harness connector and the VCM C2 connector.

Did you find a problem?

--

Go to Step 19

Go to Step 14

14

Probe the IAC valve harness connector terminals with a test lamp connected to B+.

Is the test lamp ON at any of the terminals?

--

Go to Step 17

Go to Step 15

15

  1. Turn ON the ignition leaving the engine OFF.
  2. Probe the IAC connector terminals with a test lamp connected to a ground.

Is the test lamp ON at any of the terminals?

--

Go to Step 18

Go to Step 16

16

Check for a short between the IAC valve circuits.

Did you find a problem?

--

Go to Step 19

Go to Step 23

17

Repair the short to ground in the IAC circuit. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems.

Is the action complete?

--

Go to Step 24

--

18

Repair the short to voltage in the IAC circuit. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems.

Is the action complete?

--

Go to Step 24

--

19

Repair the circuit as necessary. Refer to Wiring Repairs in Wiring Systems.

Is the action complete?

--

Go to Step 24

--

20

Repair the condition as necessary.

Is the action complete?

--

Go to Step 24

--

21

Clean the IAC passages.

Is the action complete?

--

Go to Step 24

--

22

Replace the IAC valve. Refer to Idle Air Control Valve Replacement .

Is the action complete?

--

Go to Step 24

--

23

  1. Replace the VCM.
  2. Program the new VCM. Refer to VCM Replacement/Programming .

  3. Perform the VTD Password Learn Procedure. Refer to Password Learn .
  4. Perform the Crankshaft Variation Learn Procedure. Refer to Crankshaft Position System Variation Learn .

Is the action complete?

--

Go to Step 24

--

24

  1. Install the scan tool.
  2. Start the engine and allow the engine to idle.
  3. Turn OFF all of the accessories.
  4. Command the engine speed up to the first specified value and then down to the second specified value two consecutive times with the scan tool.

Does the actual RPM closely follow the commanded RPM?

1200 RPM

500 RPM

System OK

Go to Step 2